Canada’s inflation rate increased to 2% in October

The report from Statistics Canada on Tuesday said prices in October increased at a faster annual pace in five out of the eight major components of the consumer price index.

A major driving factor of the uptick in headline inflation was gasoline prices on an annual basis falling to a lesser extent in October compared with September.

Economists expect another interest rate cut in December

BMO chief economist Douglas Porter said while inflation rising again to 2% isn’t a huge surprise, the report was a “mild disappointment.”

“I think it just reminds us that this is not just a one-way trip lower for inflation,” Porter said.

With inflation back around the Bank of Canada’s 2% target, the central bank is still expected to continue cutting interest rates in the coming months, including in December.

The size of the next rate cut, however, will be driven by the central bank’s interpretation of economic data, including the October inflation figures.

Its key interest rate currently stands at 3.75%.

“Price pressures accelerated by more than expected in October, representing a step back for the Bank of Canada, but that follows a string of reports that were steps forward,” wrote CIBC senior economist Katherine Judge in a client note.

The Bank of Canada lowered its key interest rate by half a percentage point last month in response to plummeting inflation. But it had acknowledged that price growth would likely jump back up after falling to 1.6%, making Tuesday’s report less of a surprise.

Forecasters like Porter who are expecting a quarter-point cut say Tuesday’s report solidifies that prediction.

He said a larger rate cut isn’t necessary given the economy is still chugging along and inflation is back up. 

“The unemployment rate, at least for a couple months, has stopped rising, which is good news. An now we even get a little bit of a backup in underlying inflation today. And so I think the urgency to cut 50 (basis points) is really not there,” Porter said. 

U.S. inflation also rose in October

In the U.S., inflation also ticked back up in October to 2.6%, up from 2.4% in September. 

Chair Jerome Powell said last week that the U.S. Federal Reserve will likely cut its key interest rate slowly and deliberately in the coming months, in part because inflation has shown signs of persistence and the central bank officials want to see where it heads next.

Porter warned it would not be prudent for the Bank of Canada to go for a larger rate cut, particularly as the Federal Reserve signals it will be cautious.

The Bank of Canada will also have new gross domestic product data to consider as well as the November jobs report before its Dec. 11 announcement.

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Rent inflation has slowed, but grocery prices are rising faster

The central bank’s interest rate cuts have helped take pressure off shelter price inflation as mortgage interest costs decelerate.

Pressure in the rental market has also relented, with rent rising 7.3% from a year ago, down from an 8.2% annual gain in September.

Property taxes and other special charges rose at the fastest annual pace since 1992, increasing 6% from a year ago. That was up from a 4.9% annual increase in October 2023.

Meanwhile, grocery prices increased faster last month, rising 2.7% from a year ago.

The Bank of Canada’s preferred core measures of inflation, which strip out volatile prices, picked back up again last month.

October inflation rate for each province

Canada’s annual inflation rate was 2% in October, Statistics Canada says. Here’s what happened in the provinces (previous month in brackets):

• Newfoundland and Labrador: 1.1% (0.7%)
• Prince Edward Island: 1.3% (1.0%)
• Nova Scotia: 1.5% (0.9%)
• New Brunswick: 1.8% (0.9%)
• Quebec: 1.6% (1.3%)
• Ontario: 2.0% (1.9%)
• Manitoba: 1.1% (0.8%)
• Saskatchewan: 1.6% (0.7%)
• Alberta: 3.0% (1.9%)
• British Columbia: 2.4% (2.0%)

More about the economy:

• What does Trump’s election mean for the Canadian economy?
• Why are Canadians still frustrated with the economy?
• Canada’s economy news: Are we growing enough?
• Deloitte Canada predicts more economic growth, benchmark rate below 3% in 2025

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